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#Living with a spinal cord stimulator series

Failed back surgery syndrome: when you continue to experience severe arm or leg pain, even though your surgery was technically “successful”.Arachnoiditis: a condition that causes swelling and scarring in your spinal nerve’s protective lining.

Degenerative disc disease: arthritis, narrowing in your spine (stenosis), and other degenerative changes can cause pain that runs into your legs or arms.

While many medical conditions can cause back pain and sciatica, spinal cord stimulators are often associated with the following conditions: They treat severe, chronic back pain that runs into your arm or leg. All rights reserved.A spinal cord stimulator is a medical device that doctors can implant into your body, helping reduce your chronic pain. Rehabilitation Spinal cord injuries Spinal cord stimulation.Ĭopyright © 2022 The Authors. This review identified a need for more robust study designs, larger sample sizes, comparative studies, improved reporting of stimulation parameters, adverse event data, and alignment of outcomes with the priorities of the community with SCI. No articles mentioned direct engagement of consumers or advocacy groups.

Incomplete stimulation parameter descriptions were noted across many studies. Seventy percent of the studies included 10 or fewer participants, and 18 articles documented at least 1 adverse event. Motor recovery was the most common primary outcome for epidural and transcutaneous SCS studies, whereas bowel and bladder outcomes were most common for magnetic SCS studies.

#Living with a spinal cord stimulator series

The primary research design was a case study or series with only a single randomized controlled trial. Of the 5754 articles screened, 103 articles were included (55 epidural, 36 transcutaneous, 12 magnetic). Themes and gaps in the literature were identified and reported. Studies were included if they (1) were in English, (2) presented original research on humans living with a SCI, and (3) investigated at least 1 of the 3 forms of SCS.Įxtracted data included authors, publication year, participant characteristics, purpose, study design, stimulation (device, location, parameters), primary outcomes, and adverse events.Īs a scoping review the extracted data were tabulated and presented descriptively. Search terms included permutations of "spinal cord stimulation," "epidural spinal cord stimulation," "transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation," "magnetic spinal cord stimulation," and "neuromodulation." This scoping review identified original research published before March 31, 2021, via literature searches using MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Science Direct, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Sport Discus, and Web of Science, as well as a targeted search for well-known principal investigators. To describe the status of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) research for the improvement of motor, sensory, and autonomic function for individuals living with a spinal cord injury (SCI).